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Excel Function Guide

A streamlined guide to Excel functions. Required arguments in dark gray, optional arguments in white. Also see our huge list of example formulas.

Date and time

DATE
Create a valid date from year, month, and day
yearmonthday
DATEDIF
Get days, months, or years between two dates
start_dateend_dateunit
DATEVALUE
Convert a date in text format to a valid date
date_text
DAY
Get the day as a number (1-31) from a date
date
DAYS
Get days between dates
end_datestart_date
DAYS360
Get days between 2 dates in a 360-day year
start_dateend_datemethod
EDATE
Get the same date in future or past months
start_datemonths
EOMONTH
Get the last day of the month in future or past months
start_datemonths
HOUR
Get the hour as a number (0-23) from a Time
serial_number
ISOWEEKNUM
Get ISO week number for a given date
date
MINUTE
Get the minute as a number (0-59) from a time
serial_number
MONTH
Get the month as a number (1-12) from a date
date
NETWORKDAYS
Get the number of working days between two dates
start_dateend_dateholidays
NETWORKDAYS.INTL
Get work days between two dates
start_dateend_dateweekendholidays
NOW
Get the current date and time
SECOND
Get the Second as a number (0-59) from a Time
serial_number
TIME
Create a time with hours, minutes, and seconds
hourminutesecond
TIMEVALUE
Get a valid time from a text string
time_text
TODAY
Get the current date
WEEKDAY
Get the day of the week as a number
serial_numberreturn_type
WEEKNUM
Get the week number for a given date
serial_numreturn_type
WORKDAY
Get a date n working days in the future or past
start_datedaysholidays
WORKDAY.INTL
Get date n working days in future or past
start_datedaysweekendholidays
YEAR
Get the year from a date
date
YEARFRAC
Get the fraction of a year between two dates
start_dateend_datebasis

Engineering

CONVERT
Convert measurement units
numberfrom_unitto_unit

Financial

CUMIPMT
Get cumulative interest paid on a loan
ratenperpvstart_periodend_periodtype
CUMPRINC
Get cumulative principal paid on a loan
ratenperpvstart_periodend_periodtype
FV
Get the future value of an investment
ratenperpmtpvtype
IPMT
Get principal for given period
rateperpvfvtype
NPER
Get number of periods for loan or investment
ratepmtpvfvtype
PMT
Get the periodic payment for a loan
ratenperpvfvtype
PPMT
Get principal for given period
rateperpvfvtype
PV
Get the present value of an investment
ratenperpmtfvtype
RATE
Get the interest rate per period of an annuity
nperpmtpvfvtypeguess

Information

CELL
Get information about a cell
info_typereference
ERROR.TYPE
Test for a specific error value
error_val
INFO
Get information about current environment
type_text
ISBLANK
Test if a cell is empty
value
ISERR
Test for any error but #N/A
value
ISERROR
Test for any error
value
ISEVEN
Test if a value is even
value
ISFORMULA
Test if cell contains a formula
reference
ISLOGICAL
Test if a value is logical
value
ISNA
Test for the #N/A error
value
ISNONTEXT
Test for a non-text value
value
ISNUMBER
Test for numeric value
value
ISODD
Test if a value is odd
value
ISREF
Test for a reference
value
ISTEXT
Test for a text value
value
N
Convert a value to a number
value
NA
Create an #N/A error
TYPE
Get the type of value in a cell
value

Logical

AND
Test multiple conditions with AND
logical1logical2...
FALSE
Generate the logical value FALSE
IF
Test for a specific condition
logical_testvalue_if_truevalue_if_false
IFERROR
Trap and handle errors
valuevalue_if_error
IFS
Test multiple conditions, return first true
test1value1test2, value2...
NOT
Reverse arguments or results
logical
OR
Test multiple conditions with OR
logical1logical2...
TRUE
Generate the logical value TRUE
XOR
Perform exclusive OR
logical1logical2...

Lookup and reference

ADDRESS
Create a cell address from a given row and column
row_numcol_numabs_numa1sheet
AREAS
Get the number of areas in a reference.
reference
CHOOSE
Get a value from a list based on position
index_numvalue1value2...
COLUMN
Get the column number of a reference.
reference
COLUMNS
Get the number of columns in an array or reference.
array
FORMULATEXT
Get the formula in a cell
reference
HLOOKUP
Look up a value in a table by matching on the first row
valuetablerow_indexrange_lookup
HYPERLINK
Create a clickable link.
link_locationfriendly_name
INDEX
Get a value in a list or table based on location
arrayrow_numcol_numarea_num
INDIRECT
Create a reference from text
ref_texta1
LOOKUP
Look up a value in a one-column range
lookup_valuelookup_vectorresult_vector
MATCH
Get the position of an item in an array
lookup_valuelookup_arraymatch_type
MMULT
Perform matrix multiplication
array1array2
OFFSET
Create a reference offset from given starting point
referencerowscolsheightwidth
ROW
Get the row number of a reference
reference
ROWS
Get the number of rows in an array or reference.
array
TRANSPOSE
Flip the orientation of a range of cells
array
VLOOKUP
Lookup a value in a table by matching on the first column
valuetablecol_indexrange_lookup

Math

ABS
Find the absolute value of a number
number
CEILING
Round a number up to the nearest specified multiple
numbermultiple
COS
Get the cosine of an angle
number
DEGREES
Converts radians to degrees
angle
EVEN
Round a number up to the next even integer
number
EXP
Find the value of e raised to the power of a number
number
FACT
Find the factorial of a number
number
FLOOR
Round a number down to the nearest specified multiple
numbermultiple
GCD
Get the greatest common divisor of two or more numbers
number1number2...
INT
Get the integer part of a decimal by rounding down
number
LCM
Get the least common multiple or two or more numbers
number1number2...
LOG
Get the logarithm of a number
numberbase
LOG10
Get the base-10 logarithm of a number
number
MOD
Get the remainder from division
numberdivisor
MROUND
Round a number to the nearest specified multiple
numbermultiple
ODD
Round a number up to the next odd integer
number
PI
Get the value of π
POWER
Raise a number to a power
numberpower
RADIANS
Converts degrees into radians
angle
RAND
Get a random number between 0 and 1
RANDBETWEEN
Get a random integer between two values
bottomtop
ROUND
Round a number to a given number of digits
numbernum_digits
ROUNDDOWN
Round a number down to a given number of digits
numbernum_digits
ROUNDUP
Round a number up to a given number of digits
numbernum_digits
SIGN
Get the sign of a number
number
SIN
Get the sine of an angle
number
SQRT
Find the positive square root of a number
number
SUBTOTAL
Get a subtotal in a list or database
function_numref1ref2...
SUM
Add numbers together
number1number2number3...
SUMIF
Sum numbers in a range that meet supplied criteria
rangecriteriasum_range
SUMIFS
Sum cells that match multiple criteria
sum_rangerange1criteria1range2criteria2...
SUMPRODUCT
Multiply, then sum arrays
array1array2...
TAN
Get the tangent of an angle
number
TRUNC
Truncate a number to a given precision
numbernum_digits

Statistical

AVERAGE
Get the average of a group of numbers
number1number2...
AVERAGEA
Get the average of a group of numbers and text
value1value2...
AVERAGEIF
Get the average of numbers that meet criteria
rangecriteriaaverage_range
AVERAGEIFS
Average cells that match multiple criteria
avg_rngrange1criteria1range2criteria2...
COMBIN
Get total number of combinations
numbernumber_chosen
COUNT
Count numbers
value1value2...
COUNTA
Count the number of non-blank cells
value1value2...
COUNTBLANK
Count cells that are blank
range
COUNTIF
Count cells that match criteria
rangecriteria
COUNTIFS
Count cells that match multiple criteria
range1criteria1range2criteria2...
FREQUENCY
Get the frequency of values in a data set
data_arraybins_array
LARGE
Get the nth largest value
arrayn
MAX
Get the largest value
number1number2...
MAXA
Return largest value.
value1value2...
MAXIFS
Get maximum value with criteria
max_rangerange1criteria1range2criteria2...
MEDIAN
Get the median of a group of numbers
number1number2...
MIN
Get the smallest value.
number1number2...
MINA
Return smallest value.
value1value2...
MINIFS
Get minimum value with criteria
min_rangerange1criteria1range2criteria2...
MODE
Get the mode of a group of numbers
number1number2...
PERMUT
Get total number of permutations
numbernumber_chosen
QUARTILE
Get the quartile in a data set
arrayquart
RANK
Rank a number against a range of numbers
numberarrayorder
SMALL
Get the nth smallest value
arrayn
STDEV
Get the standard deviation in a sample
number1number2...
STDEV.P
Get standard deviation of population
number1number2...
STDEV.S
Get the standard deviation in a sample
number1number2...
STDEVP
Get standard deviation of population
number1number2...

Text

CHAR
Get a character from a number
number
CLEAN
Strip non-printable characters from text
text
CODE
Get the code for a character
text
CONCAT
Join text values without delimiter
text1text2...
CONCATENATE
Join text together
text1text2text3...
DOLLAR
Convert a number to text in currency format
numberdecimals
EXACT
Compare two text strings
text1text2
FIND
Get the location of text in a string
find_textwithin_textstart_num
LEFT
Extract text from the left of a string
textnum_chars
LEN
Get the length of text.
text
LOWER
Convert text to lower case
text
MID
Extract text from inside a string
textstart_numnum_chars
PROPER
Capitalize the first letter in each word
text
REPLACE
Replace text based on location
old_textstart_numnum_charsnew_text
REPT
Repeat text as specified
textnumber_times
RIGHT
Extract text from the right of a string
textnum_chars
SEARCH
Get the location of text in a string
find_textwithin_textstart_num
SUBSTITUTE
Replace text based on content
textold_textnew_textinstance
TEXT
Convert a number to text in a number format
valueformat_text
TEXTJOIN
Join text values with a delimiter
delimiterignore_emptytext1text2...
TRIM
Remove extra spaces from text
text
UPPER
Convert text to upper case
text
VALUE
Convert text to a number
text

Other

GETPIVOTDATA
Retrieve data from a pivot table in a formula
data_fieldpivot_tablefield1, item1...

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