Purpose
Return value
Arguments
- logical1 - The first condition or logical value to evaluate.
- logical2 - [optional] The second condition or logical value to evaluate.
Syntax
Usage notes
The AND function is used to check more than one logical condition at the same time, up to 255 conditions, supplied as arguments. Each argument (logical1, logical2, etc.) must be an expression that returns TRUE or FALSE or a value that can be evaluated as TRUE or FALSE. The arguments provided to the AND function can be constants, cell references, arrays, or logical expressions.
The purpose of the AND function is to evaluate more than one logical test at the same time and return TRUE only if all results are TRUE. For example, if A1 contains the number 50, then:
=AND(A1>0,A1>10,A1<100) // returns TRUE
=AND(A1>0,A1>10,A1<30) // returns FALSE
The AND function will evaluate all values supplied and return TRUE only if all values evaluate to TRUE. If any value evaluates to FALSE, the AND function will return FALSE. Note: Excel will evaluate any number except zero (0) as TRUE.
Both the AND function and the OR function will aggregate results to a single value. This means they can't be used in array operations that need to deliver an array of results. To work around this limitation, you can use Boolean logic. For more information, see: Array formulas with AND and OR logic.
Examples
To test if the value in A1 is greater than 0 and less than 5, you can use AND like this:
=AND(A1>0,A1<5)
You can embed the AND function inside the IF function. Using the above example, you can supply AND as the logical_test for the IF function like so:
=IF(AND(A1>0,A1<5), "Approved", "Denied")
This formula will return "Approved" only if the value in A1 is greater than 0 and less than 5.
You can combine the AND function with the OR function. The formula below returns TRUE when A1 > 100 and B1 is "complete" or "pending":
=AND(A1>100,OR(B1="complete",B1="pending"))
See below for many more examples of how the AND function can be used.
Notes
- The AND function is not case-sensitive.
- The AND function does not support wildcards.
- Text values or empty cells supplied as arguments are ignored.
- The AND function will return #VALUE if no logical values are found or created during evaluation.
