Toggle absolute and relative references
Windows shortcut
F4
Mac shortcut
⌘T
While editing a formula, this shortcut toggles cell references from relative to absolute, to partially absolute, back to relative again:
A1 --> $A$1 --> A$1-- > $A1-- > A1
It's much faster and easier than typing $ characters manually.
To convert an existing formula, enter cell edit mode, place the cursor in or next to the reference you'd like to convert, then use the shortcut.
Note: in Excel 2016 for the Mac, you can also use fn + F4.
Related videos
The videos below demonstrate this shortcut.
Dynamic Arrays are the biggest change to the Excel formula engine in years. In this video, I'll explain the basic idea of dynamic array formulas.
Sometimes you want to reference a worksheet dynamically in a formula so that it can be changed on the fly. In this video, we'll look at how to create a dynamic reference to a worksheet in a formula.
In this video we'll look at how to create a dynamic named range using the OFFSET function; the most common way to create a dynamic named range with a formula.
In this video we'll take a look at a few reasons why you shouldn't hard code values into your formulas that may change.
In this video, we'll look at how to use the SUMIFS function with an Excel table, with a side-by-side comparison without a table.
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