Summary

To find the most frequently occurring text in a range, based on criteria you supply, you can use an array formula based on several Excel functions, including INDEX, MATCH, MODE, and IF. In the example shown, the formula in G5 is:

=INDEX(supplier,MODE(IF(client=F5,MATCH(supplier,supplier,0))))

where "supplier" is the named range C5:C15, and "client" is the named range B5:B15.

Note: this is an array formula and must be entered with control + shift + enter, except in Excel 365.

Generic formula

=INDEX(rng1,MODE(IF(rng2=criteria,MATCH(rng1,rng1,0))))

Explanation 

In this example, the goal is to return the most frequently occurring text based on one or more supplied criteria. Working from the inside out, we use the MATCH function to match the text range against itself, by giving MATCH the same range for lookup value and lookup array, with zero for match type:

MATCH(supplier,supplier,0)

Since the lookup value is an array with 10 values, MATCH returns an array of 10 results:

{1;1;3;3;5;1;7;3;1;5;5}

Each item in this array represents the first position at which a supplier name appears in the data. This array is fed into the IF function, which is used to filter results for Client A only:

IF(client=F5,{1;1;3;3;5;1;7;3;1;5;5})

IF returns the filtered array to the MODE function:

{1;FALSE;3;FALSE;5;1;FALSE;FALSE;1;5;FALSE}

Notice only positions associated with Client A remain in the array. MODE ignores FALSE values and returns the most frequently occurring number to the INDEX function as the row number:

=INDEX(supplier,1)

Finally, with the named range "supplier" as the array, INDEX returns "Brown", the most frequently occurring supplier for Client A.

Mode of text from every other row

Following the example above, the formula below has been adapted to return the most frequent text from every other row. The formulas in E5 and E6 are:

=INDEX(text,MODE(IF(MOD(ROW(text),2)=1,MATCH(text,text,0)))) // odd
=INDEX(text,MODE(IF(MOD(ROW(text),2)=0,MATCH(text,text,0)))) // even

Formula for mode of text in every other row

The overall structure of the formulas above is the same as the original example above. The key difference is the logical test used to check even and odd rows with the named range text (B5:B15). Both formulas use the MOD function with a divisor of 2:

MOD(ROW(text),2)=1 // check for odd
MOD(ROW(text),2)=0 // check for even

If the remainder is 1, we have an odd row. If the remainder is 0 (zero), we have an even row. These tests act as a filter for incoming text so that the the result from the first formula is the most frequently occurring text in odd rows, and the result from the second formula is the most frequently occurring text in even rows.

Dave Bruns Profile Picture

AuthorMicrosoft Most Valuable Professional Award

Dave Bruns

Hi - I'm Dave Bruns, and I run Exceljet with my wife, Lisa. Our goal is to help you work faster in Excel. We create short videos, and clear examples of formulas, functions, pivot tables, conditional formatting, and charts.